Technologies Reducing energy consumption in data centers relies on the use of energy-efficient technologies and operational strategies. We describe key strategies with detailed guidance on improving energy performance throughout a data center. Cooling & Air Management We provide analysis and technical assistance and contribute to technology development in air management and in cooling technologies. Our reports and tools help data center operators eliminate hot spots and better manage energy use related to cooling. IT Equipment Reducing the IT power requirements through energy-efficiency improvements results in a multiplier effect by reducing power needs for cooling and other supporting infrastructure. Power & Lighting Increasing the efficiency of UPSs, power distribution units and lighting is critical to lowering data center energy use and costs. Environmental Conditions Operating conditions at the racks are closely related to energy consumption for data centers. Monitoring & Controls Monitoring and controls are essential to effective energy management. They enable real-time measurement, analysis and improvements to operations and infrastructure. Liquid Cooling Liquid cooling is valuable in reducing energy consumption of cooling systems in data centers. The CoE is engaged in several initiatives to advance liquid cooling technology and deployment. Water Efficiency Often overlooked, data centers consume large amounts of water in their cooling practices.